Essay on Lies My Teacher Told Me Heroification - 821 Words

Ashley Walker Mr. Scott INTD 101-18: The Art of Seduction 29 September 2011 A False History James Loewen uses his piece Lies my Teacher Told Me to reveal the flaws in America’s mainstream textbooks. Loewen points out the fact that textbooks try to â€Å"indoctrinate blind patriotism† (Loewen 6) and â€Å"keep students in the dark about the nature of history† (Loewen 8). Almost every American textbook sells history using the â€Å"soft seduction† approach, as explained in Robert Greene’s book, The Art of Seduction. Textbooks try to seduce Americans into being proud of their country by making American historical figures look like heroes, like in the case of Helen Keller, Woodrow Wilson, and Christopher Columbus. â€Å"Heroification† (Loewen 11) has a†¦show more content†¦This educational movie leaves the important details of Helen Keller’s life because its goal is to make one feel uplifted instead of truly educating them, a tactic of Robert Greene’s soft seduction. A historical figure that has been as outstandingly misrepresented as Helen Keller is Woodrow Wilson. Like Keller, Wilson is only known for his positive contributions. When asked about Woodrow Wilson, most people can only recall his great accomplishments such as supporting Woman’s suffrage and establishing the League of Nations. It is not well known that Wilson invaded Latin America and Russia causing unnecessary violence. Loewen states that â€Å"Any accurate portrayal of the invasions could not possible show Wilson or the United States in a favorable light† (Loewen 17). Loewen explains that all textbooks have a way of defending Wilson by suggesting he was forced to do these unjust invasions. This is a characteristic of Greene’s soft seduction because the textbooks are presenting Wilson’s violent invasions in a â€Å"soft† way by being â€Å"indirect† (Greene 441) instead of saying that Wilson wanted to invade Latin America and Russia. This â€Å"heroification† of a past president is bad for students to learn because they grow up with a false history of their own country. A famous hero of American history with a story even more distorted than Helen Keller and Woodrow Wilson is Christopher Columbus. In almost every textbookShow MoreRelated Lies My Teacher Told Me by James W. Loewen Essay1948 Words   |  8 PagesLies My Teacher Told Me by James W. Loewen High school history textbooks are seen, by students, as presenting the last word on American History. Rarely, if ever, do they question what their text tells them about our collective past. According to James W. Loewens Lies My Teacher Told Me, they should be. Loewen has spent considerable time and effort reviewing history texts that were written for high school students. In Lies, he has reviewed twenty texts and has compared them to the actualRead More Lies My Teacher Told Me by James Loewen Essay example1439 Words   |  6 Pages James Loewen wrote the book ?Lies My Teacher Told ME? to help the students of the United States become aware of their true history. This book attempts to show how and why American history has been taught the way it has without regard for the truth. Mr. Loewen had compared twelve different history textbooks they are: The Great Republic, The American Way, Land of Promise, Rise of the American Nation, Challenge of Freedom, American Adventures, Discovering American History, The American TraditionRead MoreEssay about Analysis in James W. Loewen ´s Lies My Teacher Told Me1225 Words   |  5 Pages James W. Loewen wrote the book â€Å"Lies My Teacher Told Me† to help students understand the past of the United States, and how it is effecting the present time. â€Å"Lies My Teacher Told Me† looks at 12 different American history textbooks, and points out the different lies, flaws, and sugar coated stories the textbooks present. Lowen explains how textbooks practice hero ification, and how race and race relations are a major issue when it comes to American history. Among these topics, Lowen also shedsRead MoreWhy We Shouldnt Celebrate Columbus Day Essay1187 Words   |  5 Pagesdisregard his many crimes committed against humanity by intentionally omitting them, simultaneously magnifying his role as a great navigator. They glorify him and humanize him to induce readers to identify with him. This process is known as heroification (Loewen 9). Scientists and archeologists have proven Asian people traveled over the frozen land between Siberia and Alaska, approximately 15,000-25,000 years ago. These nomads continued moving all the way to South America. By the time EuropeansRead More The Power of Spike Lees Film, Malcolm X Essay2242 Words   |  9 Pagesusually found in only paragraphs. Even after his assassination, Malcolms detractors seek to keep him quiet. I visited my high school in Connecticut back in February, Black History Month, and asked my sister and her friends what they knew about Malcolm X. Those that knew anything replied that he hated white people and that he was assassinated. When I asked several history teachers about how Malcolm was taught, they admitted that he takes a back seat to Martin Luther King when the Civil Rights discussion

The Sun And My Son The Fanatic - 1876 Words

In â€Å"Men in the Sun† and â€Å"My Son the Fanatic†, both authors discuss the way in which a nostalgic relation to the past and the loss of one’s sense of self, as a result of being uprooted or displaced, lead to unsuccessful or poor assimilation to new communities. Ghassan Kanafani employs frequent flashbacks and shifts of narrative perspectives as formal mechanisms to reflect that people who either cling to or are troubled by their past always have great difficulty adjusting to a new way of life. Hanif Kureshi uses an extreme example with the reversal of roles played by father and son in an immigrant family. He argues that even when immigrants try to escape their past and start a new life, such attempts are often futile because of failure to†¦show more content†¦When Abu Qais was seeking help from Ustaz Selim in his own imagination he asks, â€Å"would you have been willing to carry all your years on your shoulder and flee across the desert to Kuwa it to find a crust of bread†? Since Ustaz Selim cannot possibly reply, this question actually demands Abu Qais’ own answer. Abu Qais certainly regards his yearning for old life as a responsibility that he feels obliged to maintain, to carry on his shoulder. He also thinks that fleeing to Kuwait is a gesture of betrayal from his past. And the sense of betrayal grows even more formidable as he realizes that the best outcome of his sacrifice is â€Å"a crust of bread†, which is barely an acceptable standard of living. Ruminating in the past makes it impossible for Abu Qais to construct a new identity and ultimately draws him to his old identity. When Abu Qais discusses with his wife, he says â€Å"(We’ll be able to) buy one or two olive shoots†¦ build a shack somewhere†¦ if I arrive†. At this time, Abu Qais realizes that moving forward is the only way to achieves his dream of returning to his shack and olive trees in his village. What’s more, Ghassan utilizes flashbacks not only to give the reader the backgrounds of the three main characters, but also to provide evidence for what traps them and motivates them to move forward. Among all of them, Abu Qais is the oldest character who clings to his past the most. It is clear how his obsessions to his past lead to his decision to move forward.Show MoreRelatedThe Social And Historical Context Of A Portrait Of The Artist As A Young Man And My Son1436 Words   |  6 Pagesthis essay response I shall discuss the social and historical context of A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man and My Son the Fanatic and how they enhance our understanding of the texts and then compare the two in their respective contexts. Religious extremism is a social ideology that is heavily implemented into both A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man and My Son the Fanatic. With Steven Dedalus being subjected to his traditional family views of Catholicism as was the author of A Portrait ofRead MoreA Good Man is Hard to Find by Flannery O ´Connor766 Words   |  4 PagesFlannery O’Connor: â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† Flannery o Connor. Known as the southern United States, the second after Faulkner writer. A good man is hard to find the religious fable story, the story is very simple, an elderly woman with her son a family trip to Florida, due to the old woman wanted to see a supposed to be on the way but somehow thought in Tennessee plantation in Georgia, and the way for the old woman with a bad idea to turn over a car, then the escaped from prison that inappropriateRead MoreDescriptive Essay About My Day In My Life1392 Words   |  6 Pagesingredients in a hot stew called my body. Sweat rolled down my arm and joined the other beads of the salty liquid. Why was the sun blazing? What did I ever do to you sun? Is it because I haven’t been out in so long to see you? I closed my eyes for a moment, hoping the sun would relent its harsh heat after seeing me leaning against the steps in misery. As if feeling sorry for me, a heavenly wind came across me. Even the clouds pitied me as they moved in front of the sun. I savored it. That brief reliefRead MoreReasons for Plotting and Carrying Out a Rebellion1478 Words   |  6 Pagesfor plotting and carrying out a rebellion. One possible exception was the Confessions of Nat Turner, written down by the attorney Thomas R. Gray after he interviewed Turner in jail. Recent scholarship has demonstrated that Gray was the disinherited son of a wealthy father who may well have secretly sympathized with Turner on some level. Turners rebellion began with seven men who raided the farm of Joseph Travis and killed the entire family. Then the rebels travelled from house to house, killing everyRead MoreSeeking Good Council3703 Words   |  15 PagesRehoboam and Jeroboam A. Rehoboam and the division of Israel. 1. (1-5) the elders of Israel offer Rehoboam the throne of Israel. And Rehoboam went to Shechem, for all Israel had gone to Shechem to make him king. So it happened, when Jeroboam the son of Nebat heard it (he was still in Egypt, for he had fled from the presence of King Solomon and had been dwelling in Egypt), that they sent and called him. Then Jeroboam and the whole assembly of Israel came and spoke to Rehoboam, saying, Your fatherRead MoreThe Boxer Rebellion Was A Patriotic Movement Against Imperialism And Feudalism Essay2200 Words   |  9 Pagesâ€Å"The Boxer Rebellion was a patriotic movement against imperialism and feudalism.† The sound of my middle school history teacher’s emphasis on Boxer Rebellion before the exam still lingered around my ears, and it interested me to learn more about this subject. With more and more researches and readings, I found that multiple China’s religious beliefs were employed, including buddhism, taoism, and other pre-existing beliefs. The Boxers took advantage of innocent Chinese people b y manipulating theseRead MoreMy Senior Year Of High School2563 Words   |  11 PagesMy senior year of high school rolled around and I realized that I was in need of loosing weight. In stead of searching the next new diet plans or asking my friends what they thought, I just kind of used conmen sense. Finding foods with low calories, controlling how much I was eating and making sure I kept myself on a regular exercise plan. I figured since the most important meal of the day was breakfast, I needed to start there. I stopped eating my sugar cereals and went exclusively to eating oneRead MoreClose Encounters of the Third Kind: A Review Essay2664 Words   |  11 Pagesplanes and ships that were once considered missing showing up in random areas of the world. Nearys obsession eventually puts him in contact with others who have had close encounters with alien spacecraft, including Gillian, a single mother whose son Barry (Cary Guffy) disappears during her second UFO experience, and Claude Lacombe, a French researcher who believes that we can use a musical language to communicate with alien visitors. Lacombes theory is put to the test when a band of governmentRead MoreGandhi vs Genghis Khan2439 Words   |  10 Pagesthey saw the writing on the wall, and initiated a number of constitutional moves to effect the transfer of power to the sovereign State of India. For the first and perhaps the only time in history, the power of a mighty global empire on which the sun never set, had been challenged and overcome by the moral might of a people armed only with ideals and courage. The Cabinet Mission sent by the British government proposed for the bifurcation of India along communal lines which Gandhi vehemently protestedRead MoreEssay on The Life of Adolf Hitler2073 Words   |  9 Pagesable to get a small sense of freedom and self-independence when he entered Volksshule. According to his classmates, Hitler was very smart and excelled in academics. â€Å"Schoolwork was ridiculously easy, leaving me so much free time that the sun saw more of me than my room.† (Ayer 16). His teacher also noticed his alertness and his organization. At the age of eleven he had to choose between Realschule and the gymnasium. The gymnasium was a secondary school that focused more on the arts and preparing students

Khair Mundos and His Source of Funding free essay sample

PROFILE OF KHAIR MUNDOS [pic] PERSONAL BACKGROUND: Name : Khair Mohammad Noor Mundos Alias : Abu Ayman Nationality : Filipino Tribe : Samal bangingi Age : 45 up Height : 5’4 Weight : 160 lbs. Hair : baldy Built : medium/ athletic Complexion : fair Status : married Address : Kaum Purnah, Isabela, Basilan Province Affiliation : Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG) Other Relevant Informaton: Khair Mohammad Noor Mundos is a high ranking leader of the Abu Sayyaf Group form Kaum Purnah, Isabela, Basilan but the family originally came from Lukbuton in the island of Malamawi. He is known in the organization as Abo Ayman, an alias given to him by ASG Founder Abdurajak Janjalani. Mundos started to become islamically radicalized in the 80s when he studied Arabic at Mahad Basilan Al-Arabie Al-Islamie, the first and oldest Arabic institution in Basilan established by the Egyptian missionaries from the Al-Azhar University in Cairo assigned to preach Islam in Southern Philippines. He was one of the organizers of the Tableegh group which as organized by Janjalani in the 80s in support of the MNLF struggle for an independent state in Mindanao. It was the Tableegh group that initiated the religious programs within the Moro National Liberaton Front (MNLF). Some of the officers of the Tableegh group joined the armed forces of the MNLF and rose to power in the organization such as Ustadz Basiri Jailani who later became the NASCOM chief and then Deputy Chief of Staff. With the advice from ASG Founder Abdurajak Janjalani, Mundos went to Saudi Arabia to work at the same time to help organize a support base in the kingdom for the Abu Sayyaf Group. Mundos assisted Hadji Hasan Jalmaani, a senior member of the group whom Janjalani entrusted the collection of financial support for the Abu Sayyaf in the Middle East with focus on Saudi Arabia. His stay in Saudi Arabia made him work closer with other jihadists which included Mohammad Jamal Khalifa, Abu Abdulla Qassamollah, and Mohammad Saleh Shugair. He collected annual zakat from the Muslim Filipino workers abroad and monthly contributions and other donations to finance the struggle of the Abu Sayyaf Group. INVOLVEMENT IN TERRORISTIC ACTIVITIES OF THE ABU SAYYAF GROUP Mundos played a vital role in the financing of the Abu Sayyaf Group since its beginning when ASG founding leader Ustadz Abdurajak Janjalani started to organize his followers in Basilan, Zamboanga and Sulu in the early 90s until the leadership of Khadaffy and up to the present. The presence of Mundos in Saudi Arabia until 2004 when he was arrested brought millions of money to the funds of the Abu Sayyaf Group. Like Hadji Hasan Jalmaani, the ASG acknowledges his active involvement in the financing of the group, establishing connections with institutions in Saudi Arabia and with wealthy individuals who were supportive of jihad. Mundos was responsible in transferring huge amount of money to his younger brother Borhan, who was then the director of Safinatun Najah Inc. (Ship of Salvation). The younger brother masterminded the series of bombings in Mindanao beginning 2001 that included the bombing of Constar Lodge in General Santos City in July 2001, the bombing of Fitmart Mall in April 2002 and other major bombings that resulted in the deaths of several hundreds of innocent civilians. It was Khair Mundos who coordinated with the arab financiers in Saudi Arabia for the funding of ASG operations in the Philippines while the younger Mundos supervises the bombers in the actual conduct and execution of the bombings. Khair Mundos also played a major role in the propaganda of the organization, convincing arab brothers in the Middle East to send their support t their mujahideen brothers in the Philipines. For several times, Mundos travelled to the Philippines to accompany arab jihadists who desired to see the ASG founding leader Abdurajak Janjalani in person. Among those whom he escorted to Basilan was a certain â€Å"Qassamollah† who came to the country to personally meet Janjalani and vowed to send financial assistance to the latter’s group. During the said trip, Qassamollah brought along him other companions, one of them was allegedly a son of a wealthy general of the kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Before his arrest in Manila in 2004, Mundos was believed to have established good networking with his arab brothers in Saudi Arabia. His arrest by Philippine authorties in the Philippines for his involvement in financing various bombing operations of the Abu Sayyaf Group, was a big blow to the organization in terms of financing. However, his escape from the Provincial jail of Kidapawan in 2007 made a big difference and boosted the morale of his comrades who welcomed his return. He was immediately recognized as one of the highly-respected leaders of the Abu Sayyaf in Basilan. As the new leader of the Basilan-based Abu Sayyaf, he led several attacks on government troops, recruited more members, and brought more money to the group through the several kidnappings they conducted in Zamboanga and Basilan. A number of public school teachers were kidnapped by Mundos’ group in Zamboanga and Basilan, mostly released after payment of illions of money by the relatives and politicians. His present leadership gave hope to the hearts of the ASG inmates detained in the different detention facilities in the country, particularly in Metro Manila and Basilan. He had committed himself to helping his detained comrades financially and legally. He also vowed to rescue ASG members detained in the provincial jail of Basilan, particularly his close friend Ashraf Kunting, also known as Abo Ramadhan, a top ranking senior leader of the Abu Sayyaf. Abo Ramadhan is a vey important person to the Abu Sayyaf for his active role in sending in millions of money to the group of Khadaffy Janjalani and establishing contacts with financiers in Malaysia. Said person almost succeed in putting up an office for Alharakatul Islamiyyah in Malaysia through the help of government people particularly Senator Sairin. It was also Abo Ramadhan who almost succeeded in transporting large quantity of high powered firearms from Thailand and Malaysia. However, the pressure on the Malaysian government from the American government resulted in the arrest of Abo Ramadhan in Malaysia in 2001 and his deportation to the Philippines to face criminal charges in the country. Both Kunting and Mundos were held together for a long time in one detention facility in Camp Crame. Presently, Kunting is detained in the provincial jail of Basilan where he faces charges for his involvement in the Dos Palmas hostage taking. Aside from Abo Ramadhan, other detained senior leaders of the Abu Sayyaf are hopeful that Mundos will continue to

Prostetic Limbs Essays - Neuroprosthetics, Biological Engineering

Prostetic Limbs In 1985 the movie going community was enthralled with its newest hit movie titled Short Circuit. The movie portrayed a robot that due to accidental electrocution believed that it was alive. In the final scenes the robot know as Johnny five was seen removing one of its damaged robotic arms and replacing it with a new and identical arm. This idea of replacing one limb with another of equal function was unfortunately only movie fiction. This fiction however is quickly becoming a reality for countless thousands of people living with prosthetic limbs. In the October 1998 issue of Scientific American the story of Melissa Del Pozzo a thirteen year old girl living with a prosthetic limb gives an example of the hope many are living with. Her only dream is that she could one day tickle the ivories of her piano again. Her hope could soon be rewarded. With continued research, prosthesiss are making advancements that were once only dreams. These advancements are seeing the most change in the area s of dexterous movement, feeling, and comfort. The first area that we see monumental change is in the ability for dexterous movement. The greatest development in this area is found in the Free-hand system developed by the Neuro-Control Corp. The January 1998 issue of FDA consumer outlines the workings of this system. First, the external Shoulder Position Sensor translates shoulder movements into electronic signals. The signals then travel to the External Controller for processing, and then to the external Transmitting Coil for relay to the Implanted Stimulator, which sends electrical stimulation along implanted Electrode Leads to implanted Electrodes in prosthetic hand, making them contract. With the use of this system amputees are again able to perform tasks were once impossible. The only problem with this system as pointed out in the September 13th issue of people magazine is that each unit costs about $50,000 an amount which most insurance companies are unwilling to fork out. The hand is also becoming more advanced with a system discussed in the January 1998 issue of Tech Directions. This system, know as Sabolich's Sense of Feel System, uses a cuff attached to the remaining portion of the limb. Over time a user is able to recognize exactly how much pressure they are using. This system differs form earlier ones in which judgement was based simply on sight, which is not very accurate. By using this system, amputees are able to hold their childs hand or pick up an egg without the fear of crushing them. Both the Free-Hand system and Sabloichs sense of feel system are helping amputees feel their way towards a better quality of life. Using these systems, they are moving away from the dreaded metal hook and into the technological world they live in. Although some feeling is addressed in the first point, we must next examine the advancement in sensory receptors which aide to the feelings experienced by amputees. The prosthetic limb has seen great advancement in feel and function but one of the greatest advancements is a system developed by John Sabolich, NovaCare's national prosthetic director. The myo-electric prosthesis with hot and cold sensory receptors described in the April 3, 1998 issue of Philadelphia Business Journal provides one of the unique advancements of the last decade. The system involves temperature sensors, placed in a prosthetic foot or hand that send signals to a computerized advanced circuitry system. Those signals are sent to electrodes on the skin in a person's residual limb. The natural skin receptors send information to the brain, where the sensation is registered. One patient said that he could again feel the warmth of his grandsons hand and could feel the warmth of his wifes face. In a recent article titled, How computers help artificial limbs get smarter found in the August 14th edition of the Wall Street Journal eastern edition, Sabolichs use of pressure sensors in artificial feet is explored. To create an awareness of pressure, Sabolich places pressure transducers in the toes and heels of artificial feet. The greater the surface pressure against them, the larger the signal sent on to electrodes that touch the existing portion of a person's leg. Signals from the front and back of the

Essay Sample on New Religious Movements with Perspectives on Religious Deviance

Essay Sample on New Religious Movements with Perspectives on Religious Deviance New Religious Movements: Theoretical Perspectives on Religious Deviance The subject of deviance, taken from any context be it political, religious or cultural has fueled many heated debates over the decades.   Although the topic has accumulated a rather large body of knowledge, experts, theorists, critics and academicians are no closer to reaching an agreement about anything.   According to Clinard (2004), deviance takes many forms, but the agreement remains elusive about which specific behaviours and conditions constitute deviance. This ambiguity becomes especially evident when some people praise the same behaviour that others condemn. To understand deviance, one must first understand this contradiction:   No consensus reliably identifies behaviour, people, or conditions that are deviant, although most people would say that they know deviance when they see it. (p.2) Despite all the theoretical landmines in this subject arena, Adler and Adler (1994) offer a rather straightforward definition of deviance as violations of social norms.(p.7) For the purposes of this discussion about deviance, particularly the religious deviance of groups known as cults, we will employ such a definition.   Norms are behavioural codes, or prescriptions, that guide people into actions and self-presentations that conform to social acceptability.   Norms need not be agreed on by every member of the group doing the defining, but a clear or vocal majority must agree. (Adler Adler). People may be viewed as deviant due to their behaviour, beliefs, or condition. Among these three, it appears that the judging of behaviour is what most are familiar with.   The behavioural patterns considered as manifestations of a deviant nature may either be intentional or inadvertent. People can, and often are, labelled deviant for alternative attitudes or belief systems that depart from what society considers prescribed norms.   These alternative belief systems may be, but not limited to, a religious or political category, wherein the people who ascribe to such values are considered to hold strange and unorthodox perspectives (e.g. cult members, extreme political leftists, Satanists). (Adler Adler) In the words of Howard Becker (as cited in Adler Adler, 1994), a deviant is an outsider, one who is outside the consensus of what constitutes proper conduct. (p.17) The problem with this dangerously simplistic viewpoint is the rather inescapable fact that everyone is someone else for everyone. Thus, discussions on deviance quickly turn into one of norms and the vain and tiresome quest of searching for universal truths, applicable anywhere and to everyone. Historically speaking, many prescribed behavioural modes or norms of were originally enforced by the powerful arm of the church through the concept of sin. Certain virtues were praised to be mediums to eternal salvation while the transgressions of these rules would lead to the fires of hell.   The use of secular law to regulate to regulate them is a relic of the time when the authority of the state was used to enforce the rules of an established church.   That era is past, but we can see our cultural heritage most clearly perhaps in the laws we inherited from the Puritan theocracy in New England.   We have (or have had in the recent past) laws against blasphemy, obscenity, contraception, Sabbath breaking, extra-marital sexual relations, lewdness, homosexuality, gambling and drunkenness.(Clinard, 2004, p.24) This behavioural inheritance echoes the remnants of a culture in which religion once was dominant.   As times have progressed, our culture has evolved, our economic and technological systems have gotten more and more sophisticated, scientific breakthroughs have occurred and baffled the world, communication and the role of mass media have been emphasized, virtually as the world got smaller in terms of frontiers to be crossed, the role religion as a social glue has waned in importance. If we remove the religious component, the criterion for whether the conduct in question should be forbidden should rest on whether there is any demonstrable, objectively measurable social harm resulting from it.   To determine this, we must separately consider and evaluate each mode of conduct.   In a totally rational world we would expect to find a correlation between the prohibition of conduct and its objective harmfulness.   But this is not a rational world and the correlation does not exist. (Clinard, 2004,p15) Taking note of these contemporary times, nothing is more evident, than the global religious diversity.   And yet, this diversity does not automatically translate to tolerance or even acceptance, as many current events regarding Christianity and Islam may point out.   Often, as many have said though few have believed, it is the inadequacy of these well-established religions to reach some of their followers at a more spiritual level beyond rote recitations of faith that lead others to form counter-religions or counter-cultures offering a new religious path. The period from the late1960s through the middle 1970s was the time when the concept of counterculture of flamboyant political and vigorous protest among the ranks of educated youth in America.   Sociologists such as Robert Bellah and Charles Glock (as cited by Robbins, 1998) â€Å"have interpreted the cultural tumult as essentially a religious crisis or cultural crisis of meaning in which dominant value complexes such as utilitarian individualism were being challenged.(p.1) Sociology, as a scientific discipline, commits itself to the search for general, explanatory theories that shed light, albeit in an abstract way, to the probable causes of empirical change in any given societal situation.   In the sub-area of religion, however, it is extremely difficult to encapsulate the diverse cultural, social and spiritual processes in one neat idea.   Therefore,   the sociological task is to embrace, in analytical formulations of wide application, diverse cultural contents and the unstated but implicit, assumption of sociologists is that their concepts should, like those of natural scientists, be of universal application.   It has been commonplace of modern sociological theory that social systems depend for their integration on value consensus, and that such consensus attains its ultimate expression in religion.(Barker,1982,p.16) The concept of new religious movements, particularly that of the cultic phenomena is extremely problematic for sociologists.   New movements have been a recurring in the different contexts of Christian cultures in the West.   Most of these movements are often ridiculed, persecuted, or suppressed until they cease to be new and eventually cease to be. The term cult is derived from 15th century Latin word for tend, care or cultivate.   Through the years, however, with its increased usage in relation to those religious groups that have been judged as an extreme departure from the average, prescribed norm, the term has lost its original etymological connotation of good. In popular usage this term refers, in an often pejorative way, to those religious movements which have succeeded in recruiting thousands of young members in many countries in the past decades. (Barker, 1982,p.29) The term cult is frequently applied to a wide range of groups political, therapeutic, magical and even scientific.   Those who use the term generally imply that the group is irrational in its beliefs and dogmatically led by a charismatic, possibly unscrupulous leader. Classically, the term cult has applied to various eccentric forms of religious worship and the groups that practice them.   During the past years, however, the word has taken on a pejorative meaning and generally implies that the group is suspect.   Critics use the term to describe groups they regard as false, dishonourable, and predatory and apply it to nonreligious groups that are seen as doctrinaire and extreme.   It can be said that one person’s religion is another person’s cult. (Committee on Psychiatry Religion, 1992) Sociology, in response to the call for explanations for general deviant behaviour offers many theories.   Each may of course be used to explain why certain individuals join these cults and exactly what they are in actual search of.   Popular culture views these cultic members as either crazy, fraudulent or a mixture of both, brainwashing and manipulating impressionable souls out their religious heritage and money.   Sociology prefers to analyze the behaviour and not judge the doer.   Therefore, with suspended judgement, this body of knowledge offers the following theories; chosen from a wide range due present the most-balance approach to explain the religious behaviour of these so-called deviant cults. Differential association theory is a classic, formal sociological statement of an idea familiar to everyone:   people are influenced by their friends.   In religious terms, people will tend to convert to a new religion if the majority of their friends already belong. Edwin H. Sutherlands theory of differential association, which centers on how people learn to be deviant, has become one of the most widely known theories in sociology since it first appeared in his Principles of Criminology in 1947. Sutherlands theory accounts for the cause of an individual’s deviant act, and the epidemiology, or distribution of deviant behaviour as reflected in various rates.   Sutherland argued that deviant group behaviour resulted from normative conflict.   Conflict among norms affects deviance through differential social organization determined by neighbourhood structures, peer group relationships, and family organization.   An individuals normative conflict results in criminal behaviour through differential association in which the deviant learns criminal definitions of behaviour from personal associates. (Adler Adler, 1994)

How to Write an Analytical Essay on Lyric Poetry of Paul Celan

How to Write an Analytical Essay on Lyric Poetry of Paul Celan If you are tasked with writing an analytical essay on the lyric poetry of Paul Celan, it is important to first understand the purpose of the analysis you are to completing, after which it is incumbent upon you to find a sufficient topic and write all of the key elements. If you are not good at making up topics, we have done it for you: 20 topics on lyric poetry of Paul Celan are waiting to be applied in your writing. A literary analysis is a careful examination and, in some cases, an evaluation of a work of literature or one aspect of that work. In order to craft such an analysis you must break down the subject or topic you have selected into its components and examine each element in order to better appreciate and understand the entirety of the work. You can also use here facts on lyric poetry of Paul Celan that explain the basis of his work. Analyzing a poem might focus on the different images used in the poem or the relationship which has formed between the form of the poem and the content therein. So what must be contained in this work? Thesis Statement The thesis statement is what you use to tell your reader what they can expect out of your writing. This particular piece of writing must be precisely worded so as to make the point clear and concise in as few words as possible. Introduction The introduction is where you capture the interest of your reader by bringing your subject into focus immediately. The reader does not want to guess what it is you are trying to explore. They want to know, and they want to know quickly. So, open with a provocative question, a startling fact, a quotation, or a brief anecdote which better explains the position you are going to take. It is also here that you must introduce the author or poet and the title of the work you are going to analyze. Topic Sentences The body of your work is where you develop or flesh out your central idea. It is here that you provide paragraphs in support of your thesis statement. You want to offer your idea and evidence you have in the form of direct quotes, specific facts or details, or paraphrasing from the source. Each of your paragraphs require a topic sentence which is the first sentence of the paragraph. Here you state the way in which the details of this paragraph relate back to your thesis statement. Developmental Paragraphs The body of your text is better referred to as the development paragraphs of your writing. It is here that you offer explanations, summaries, quotes, and specific details to your reader in order to support the general statements you have made in your topic sentences. You want to write strong paragraphs that relate the content back to your thesis statement. Conclusion The concluding paragraph is what provides a sense of completion to your essay, the area which signals to your reader that the end of your paper is near. The concluding paragraph may include a restatement of your thesis, and a summary of your main points, but it should do so from a different perspective. Never introduce a new topic at this point.

Strategic leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Strategic leadership - Essay Example In the process of delivery of services, all stakeholders should be involved actively in carrying out each role without causing delays or failures in the whole system of operation in the company (Baisya, 2010, p.4-7). These plans are the strategies and a company implements them so that it can ensure orderliness in operation as well as proper delegation of duties to different employees at specific times. The process of performance of duties involves different people in the company and ought to contribute to their wellbeing by focusing their effort to fulfil common goals as set out in the company strategies. The goals in a company mark the milestones that all employees should attain to ensure that it can thrive in its environment and compete favourably with its rivals. Companies implement strategies in areas that have potential of boosting the productivity and others areas which need enhancement to contribute positively to high profitability. The company leaders lay down strategies and supervise them to ensure that every employee has a duty, which they can be accountable of, even when other activities take place within or away from the organisational supervisors. In the process of implementation of services, a company may reform some of their strategies to conform to the market need of the prevailing time so as to remain relevant and productive. The leaders in such a company implement such steps so that they can ensure that it remains adaptive to the different environment and ensure it has a competitive advantage over its rivals in similar business competing over similar customers (Unhelkar, Ghanbary and Younessi, 2010, p.57). News Corporation is a media company, which operates in different parts of the world by supplying videos, producing and selling newspapers and other ways of communicating to the public. The company has always adopted different strategies that have enabled it to remain relevant in the market and have served to advance its position in the news industry. The leadership of News Corporation has always drove and enhanced strategies of the company by leading the process of decision making, which lead to taking of various courses of action that ensured its success in all of its activities. News Corporation, through its various stakeholders engaged its leaders, employees and shareholders in making decisions that have had a transforming impact to the company. Through the progress it noted when it implemented changes in its strategies; it recorded differences, noted even in the current time (Watson and Hickman, 2012, p.7). In some occasion in the past, some strategic issues that took place in News Corporation include: adoption of new organisational structures, change of leadership of the company, change of its marketing strategies among other strategies moves it used to ensure that it was productive even when the recessions and other rivalry issues threatened the its economic productivity (Lank, 2006, p.97). In the past News Corpo ration operated as one great company that was determined to establish itself in different issues and that coordinated its activities from one point. In the progress, the company through its owner and the CEO found it necessary to split the company into two integral parts, which would engage themselves in different activities. Following the agreement, between the leaders and the company shareholders, the company split into two independent companies, News Corporation and Fox Group. These companies adopted differen

Management Innovation and new technology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Management Innovation and new technology - Essay Example The concept of innovation is as old as the history of earth as men have always tried to improve things in their surroundings for the comfort and ease. However, from the history of world businesses, we can see that in the run towards an â€Å"innovated product† companies often lead towards customer frustration and dissatisfaction resulting in lower sales and loss of customer trust. There are various examples in the past where companies define the ultimate objective to launch an innovative product and did not give much thought to the process and need of it. This lack of understanding of product innovation becomes one of the major reasons of product sales downfall (Light Minds Ltd, 2005). Many economists believe that with the increasing business competition, managers and executives often overestimate the need of their consumers. A new and innovative product is often more complex to use and more expensive (Gottfredson & Aspinall, 2005). Advancement in a product line needs better m achineries and plentiful of company’s resources which eventually the consumer has to bear. Often the advancement made by companies is just to give the feeling of ‘new’ and is not as per the need of the customer (Rosenthal, 2099). The recent example of Facebook Timeline is relevant to highlight in this regard. It was introduced to give a new and fresh look to the users so to increase the time they spend on Facebook. Result shows that the objective was merely achieved as it increases the complexity of the product (Choney, 2011). Therefore, keeping the perspective of consumers is a key element in the success of product innovation process (Light Minds Ltd, 2005). Case Study of 3M The case of 3M’s Post-it Notes can be analyzed to justify that product innovation is not just a one-off event, but a complex organization process. The idea of adhesive notepad seemed great initially, but it turned out to be a below average invention, which the consumer kept daunting f or years. The notepad went through several stages of innovation; each time the company offering something new in the product but failing to generate a massive sale every time (Nayak & Ketteringha, 1994). The issue was not meeting with the customer’s need and innovating, what might be better but not the requirement. This explains the core concept behind product innovation. Another lacking in the product was in its limited usage. People did not feel the need of having an adhesive bulletin board rather than a simple board. This brought the executives of 3M to the conclusion that this product has no future in the market (Nayak & Ketteringha, 1994). It was at this crucial time that one of the executives of the company, Spencer Silver, thought that the sticky pad can be given another try to make it more viable for people’s use. As product innovation is a summed product of the facts of previous sales and consumers’ demand, he carried a decent research to find the ways to optimize the use of the adhesive notepad. He explored the marvelous concept that an innovation does not always need to be complicated; it can come through simple means too. He used the same ingredients that were used in the notepads, but with different proportions and combinations, out of which one gave a new result. The learned people around and scientists were all conservative with their approach. Their thinking phenomenon was restricted by their knowledge of chemical properties and reactions of ingredients. However,

Kedarnath Temple in Himalayas Essay Example for Free

Kedarnath Temple in Himalayas Essay One of the holiest pilgrimages for the Hindus, Kedarnath Temple Jyotirlinga is located in the picturesque surroundings of Rudra Himalaya Range at a height of 12000 feet on a mountain named Kedar. Near Kedarnath is the source of the river Mandakini that joins Alakananda at Rudraprayag. This place is approximately 150 miles away from Hardwar and 132 miles north of Hrishikesh and is accessible by foot. The temple at Kedarnath enshrining the Jyotirlingam of Shiva opens only 6 months a year (April-November) when the sun enters the zodiac sign of Aries and it is closed when the sun enters Scorpio. The priests then go to Ukhimath, where the worship of Kedareshwara is continued during the winter season. Tradition has it that when undertaking Kedarnath Yatra pilgrims first visit Yamunotri and Gangotri and bring with them the holy waters from the sources of the rivers Yamuna and Ganga and offer abhishekams to Kedareshwara. The traditional pilgrim route is Haridwar Rishikesh Devaprayag Tehri Dharasu Yamunotri Uttar Kashi Gangotri Triyugnarayan Gowrikund and Kedarnath. The alternative route to Kedar from Rishikesh is via Devprayag, Srinagar, Rudraprayag and Ukhimath. Legend Behind Kedarnath Temple Legend goes that Nara and Narayana two incarnations of Vishnu performed severe penance in Badrikashraya of Bharat Khand, in front of a Shivalingam fashioned out of earth. Pleased with their devotion, Lord Shiva appeared in front of them and said that they may ask for a boon. Nar and Narayan requested Shiva to take up a permanent abode as a Jyotirlingam at Kedarnath so that all people who worship Shiva shall be freed from their miseries. According to yet another popular legend related to Kedar Temple, Goddess Parvati worshipped Kedareshwar to unite with Shiva as Ardhanareeswarar. Besides, the Pandavas are believed to have visited this area several times. Arjuna is believed to have come here to pray to Shiva to obtain the coveted Pasupataastra. The other Pandavas are believed to have come here in search of him, where Draupadi came across the heavenly lotus Kalyana Saugandikam, and requested Bhima to bring here some more of the same. It was during his venturing out to seek these flowers that Bhima met Hanumaan. Significance of Kedarnath Temple Located in the lofty Himalayas, Kedarnath Temple is one of the best known Shivasthalams in India and is considered to be one of the most sacred pilgrimage centers of the country. It is believed that by praying to Kedareshwar, one can get all his desires fulfilled. Importance of the shrine can be further understood from the beliefs that Upamanyu prayed to Lord Shiva in this place in Satayuga while in Dwapar, the Pandavas worshipped Lord Shiva here. Even the spiritual leader Adi Sankaracharya is closely associated with Kedarnath. Structure of Kedarnath Temple Kedarnath Shrine is scenically placed amidst the lofty, snow covered mountains and grassy meadows covering the valleys. Immediately behind the temple is the high Keadardome peak, which can be sighted from great distances. It is believed that the temple of Kedarnath was constructed by the Pandavas. At the entrance of the temple is the statue of Nandi, the divine bull of Shiva. Walls inside the temple are exquisitely carved with images. The revered Shiva Lingam housed in the temple is in the unusual pyramidal form. Kedarnath Kedarnath is on the bank of the Mandakini River between Gangotri and Badrinath. As the crow flies Kedarnath is only 42km from Badrinath. Over 100,000 pilgrims come here each year. It is believed that Sankaracharya passed away here about 820 AD. Kedareswar Siva is the presiding deity. Behind the Kedarnath temple is an impressive mountain range, with the beautiful Kedarnath Mountain (6,970m). Kedarnath Temple This Lord Siva temple at Kedarnath is said to have been built by the Pandavas to atone for their sins procured during the Kurukshetra war. It is believed that this temple was originally constructed by the Pandavas, and the present temple was reconstructed by Sankaracharya in the 8th century. One of the 12 Siva-Jyotirlingas is in this temple. The temple is dedicated to Lord Sada Siva and is considered to be one of the major Siva temples in India. Inside the temple there is an irregular, three-faced linga, representing the hump of Lord Siva when he took the form of a bull. It is about 3m (9 ft) long, 1m (3 ft) wide, and 1.3m (4 ft) high. Pilgrims are allowed to touch the linga, perform worship, abhishek (bathe), and massage the linga with ghee. There are deities of goddess Parvati and Ganesh in front of the main altar door. Outside the second door are Lord Krishna, the five Pandavas, their wife, Draupadi, and their mother, Kunti. In the temple is a Lakshmi-Narayana Deity, which was installed by Adi Sankaracharya. The temple faces south, which is a unique feature, as most temples face east. This temple is very solidly built. The temple opens the first week of May and closes either the last week of October or the first week of November. May/June is the busiest time of the year. Worship of Sri Kedarnath is continued in the village of Okhimath in the winter by the priest from the Kedarnath Temple. The waiting time to enter the temple in the afternoon is about 15 minutes, otherwise if you go at 7 am the waiting time may be two hours or more.

Victorian Maternity Essay -- Victorian Era

Victorian Maternity Working Class Maternity According to author Helena Wojtczak, â€Å"the average working class wife was either pregnant or breast-feeding from wedding day to menopause,† bearing approximately eight pregnancies, and ultimately raising approximately five children. This overflow of offspring was most likely linked to the fact that birth control literature was illegal at the time (Wojtczak). Wohl’s research of the difficulties in Victorian childbirth shows that a combination of a nutrient deficient diet, and a substantial deficiency of both height and weight prevalent in urban working class Victorian women very likely contributed to an exceedingly high number of premature births, and consequently, a high infant mortality rate. Also, working class women were expected to continue working throughout their entire pregnancy. Examples of this prejudice can be found in Victorian articles such as â€Å"The Rearing and Management of Children: Mother and Baby† in Cassells Household Guide. The article s tates that, â€Å"He who placed one woman in a position where labour and exertion are parts of her existence, gives her a stronger state of body than her more luxurious sisters. To one inured to toil from childhood, ordinary work is merely exercise, and, as such, necessary to keep up her physical powers, though extra work should be, of course, avoided as much as possible.† In reference to pregnancy outside of marriage, Wojtczak notes that it was notably common for a working class woman to become pregnant out of wedlock, and due to the social stigma involved, and the possibility of unemployment, these women often chose to conceal their pregnancy. Middle Class Maternity By the mid nineteenth century, Abrams states that Victorian middle cl... ...ther and Baby.† Cassells Household Guide, New and Revised Edition. C.1880s [no date]. Victorian London. Lee Jackson, Ed. Vol. I. Pg. 10. 8 November 2004 . Wohl, Anthony S. â€Å"Women and Victorian Public Health: Difficulties in Childbirth.† The Victorian Web: Literature, History and Culture in the Age of Victoria. George P. Landlow. 29 June 2002. National University at Singapore. 8 November 2004. . Wojtczak, Helena. â€Å"Pregnancy and Childbirth.† English Social History: Women of Nineteenth-Century Hastings and St.Leonards. An Illustrated Historical Miscellany. The Hastings Press. The Victorian Web: Literature, History, and Culture in the age of Victoria. George P. Landlow. National University at Singapore. 8 November 2004

Life in the 1920s in Melbourne was much different than the years before

There were drastic changes in Melbourne and also the world. Several changes made were that there is more ways for people to entertain themselves, women started to wear differently, also the form of transport was different. People in the 1920's had many ways to entertain themselves. Several ways they entertained themselves was by watched the football (which was called the VFL because it was only Victorian teams), going to the movies and watching the Melbourne Cup. The VFL is like AFL today but in the 1920's it wasn't Australia wide. Some of the teams that played were Collingwood, Carlton, Geelong, Essendon, South Melbourne, Richmond, St Kilda, Fitzroy and Melbourne. In the 1920's Richmond won the Grand Final that year, Collingwood were the runners up that year. Collingwood lost by 17 points to a crowd of 53,908. The best player during this time was Roy Cazaly; George Bayliss was the leading goal scorer in 1920. Cinemas in Melbourne during the 1920s were in black and white. There was also no sound that was made by the actors. The only sound that they heard was from a piano player that on the side of the screen and played music when it was the right time. Many of the movies seen in the cinemas were from America but there were a couple that were made in Australia. One of the movies shown in cinemas during the 1920's was Soldiers of the Cross; the main characters in this movie were Beatrice Day, Harold Graham. Also in the 1920's the Melbourne Cup was won by a horse named Poitrel, the jokey that was riding him was K.Bracken and the trainer was H.J.Robinson. Erasmus came second and queen comedy came third. Most of the transport in the 1920's was by trains and cars. The trains they had been stream trains which were loud and let out a lot of smoke from their chimneys. Trains only travelled at a few kilometres an hour but were gradually changed to 30km/h during the 1920's. Flinders Station existed during that time and is still used today. Many Australians had cars, it was said that about 500 000 cars were owned in 1929 by Australians. Australia was ranked in the top five nations that owned cars. Most of the cars in Australia were imported from Europe and America but also some were made here in Australia. Most of the cars were run on steam but they began to move towards the petrol cars. Plans were used as a source of transport to go to other countries. Throughout the late 1920's electric trams started to appear in Melbourne Fashion for men and women changed enormously clean-shaven chins became more fashionable than beards and knee-length skirts were high fashion for women. Coats and stoles became fashionable in Melbourne. The ideas of these types of clothing came from the Chinese, Egyptian and the Japanese. Coats were transformed into a more casual which were made from lightweight silks and local fur. They also had coats that had a sensual combination of Chinese, Egyptian and Australian influences.

Pulse and Heart Rate Essay

1. Determine your heart rate by taking your radial pulse and then your carotid pulse. What was your heart rate in each instance? For my radial pulse my heart rate was 86 beats per minute. For my carotid pulse my heart rate was 90 beats per minute. Explain which artery you found easier to use and why. The artery that I found easier to use was the carotid artery and my reason for that is because the pulse felt stronger. 2. Which two websites did you use to determine your target heart rate? The two websites I used to determine my target heart are www.active.com/fitness and www.webmd.com/body-bmi-calculator 3. What was your target heart rate zone on each of these websites? Were the zones the same? According to Active.com my target heart rate is between 101-131 beats per minute. Webmd.com determined my target heart rate to be between 101-131 beats per minute. Yes, the heart rate zones were very similar. 4. Do you think the range for your target heart rate zones identified by these websites is reasonable? Why or why not? Yes, I do think that the range of my target heart rate zone is reasonable because my heart rate should be faster when I am exercising. 5. How does understanding your target heart rate zone help you improve your physical fitness? Understanding your target heart rate zone can help improve your physical fitness because it can help you maintain your intensity level when exercising. 6. Describe a physical activity you have done before when you have failed the talk test. What would you change about that activity in order to pass the talk test? One physical activity that I have done before where I had failed the talk test was when I had to swim out to a marking point in a lake. What I would change about that activity so I can pass the talk test is to practice more on my swimming.

Free Essays on Leda And The Swan

William Butler Yeats’ poem â€Å"Leda and the Swan† is an awkward recreation of the Greek myth in which Zeus takes the form of a swan in order to seduce Leda. In this poem William Butler Yeats, known as one of the greatest twentieth century poets of Europe chose to use the sonnet format to retell this story. Yeats was born in Dublin, Ireland in 1965. He died at age 73. This Poem was written in 1924, just one year after Yeats won the Nobel Prize in poetry. Yeats, unlike many other poets, wrote this poem using a rhyme scheme. Leda and the Swan states two main charaters and doesn’t refer to the main event whatsoever. Leda and the swan refer to two characters and leaves the reader wondering what was the relationship that emerged and took place. Because the title doesn’t mention the rape, it brings out that a situation existed, but doesn’t put emphisis on the fact that the horrific act was invloved. The significance that the poem, even though it descibes the rape, more analyzes the relationship between Leda and the Swan In the first stanza of the poem, Yeats immediately brings the reader to the moment of supreme horror and doesn’t hesitate to let the reader know what is happening: a sudden blow, great wings beating still above the staggering girl, her thighs caressed, dark webs, her nape caught in his bill. Leda was a victim of a surprise attack. She is described as â€Å"a staggering girl,† â€Å"her helpless breasts†(Rosenthal, 115). The Swan is identified as overpowering- â€Å"the great wings,† â€Å"the dark webs,† â€Å"he holds her helpless breast upon his breast†(Rosenthal, 114). The first stanza describes this poem as a rape. The swan is not known for being a violent bird. It is a peaceful, beautiful bird. Perhaps this is why Zeus chose the swan as a disguise to surprise Leda. It was â€Å"a sudden blow.† She had no time to react, or defend herself. It seems as if she had no idea what was happening. This ... Free Essays on Leda And The Swan Free Essays on Leda And The Swan William Butler Yeats’ poem â€Å"Leda and the Swan† is an awkward recreation of the Greek myth in which Zeus takes the form of a swan in order to seduce Leda. In this poem William Butler Yeats, known as one of the greatest twentieth century poets of Europe chose to use the sonnet format to retell this story. Yeats was born in Dublin, Ireland in 1965. He died at age 73. This Poem was written in 1924, just one year after Yeats won the Nobel Prize in poetry. Yeats, unlike many other poets, wrote this poem using a rhyme scheme. Leda and the Swan states two main charaters and doesn’t refer to the main event whatsoever. Leda and the swan refer to two characters and leaves the reader wondering what was the relationship that emerged and took place. Because the title doesn’t mention the rape, it brings out that a situation existed, but doesn’t put emphisis on the fact that the horrific act was invloved. The significance that the poem, even though it descibes the rape, more analyzes the relationship between Leda and the Swan In the first stanza of the poem, Yeats immediately brings the reader to the moment of supreme horror and doesn’t hesitate to let the reader know what is happening: a sudden blow, great wings beating still above the staggering girl, her thighs caressed, dark webs, her nape caught in his bill. Leda was a victim of a surprise attack. She is described as â€Å"a staggering girl,† â€Å"her helpless breasts†(Rosenthal, 115). The Swan is identified as overpowering- â€Å"the great wings,† â€Å"the dark webs,† â€Å"he holds her helpless breast upon his breast†(Rosenthal, 114). The first stanza describes this poem as a rape. The swan is not known for being a violent bird. It is a peaceful, beautiful bird. Perhaps this is why Zeus chose the swan as a disguise to surprise Leda. It was â€Å"a sudden blow.† She had no time to react, or defend herself. It seems as if she had no idea what was happening. This ...

Usage Examples of Anecdotes in Speeches and Essays

Usage Examples of Anecdotes in Speeches and Essays An anecdote is a short scene or story taken from personal experience. Anecdotes can be useful for setting the stage for a speech or personal essay. An anecdote often relays a story that can be used as a theme or lesson. Pronunciation:  AN -  eck  -  doh​t​Also Known As: incident, story, narrative, account, episode. Examples of Usage The story below could be used as an introduction to a speech or short story about personal safety: After the long Ohio winter, I was so happy to see the first signs of spring that I ran outside as soon as I saw our first flower blooming. I plucked the dewy, white blossom and tucked it into my hair band and went about my day with joy in my heart. Unfortunately, I didnt notice that my big white flower had been host to a dozen or so tiny bugs, that apparently enjoyed a new home in the warmth and security of my hair. I was soon itching and twitching like a scrappy dog. Next time I stop to smell the flowers, Ill make sure Ill do it with my eyes wide open. The anecdote provides a lead-in to the overall message of your speech or essay. For example, the next sentence after the anecdote could be: Have you ever delved head-first into a situation and run straight into trouble? Using Anecdotes to Set the Stage See how this anecdote can provide a moral or backdrop for a speech or essay about staying alert? You can use many small events in your own life as anecdotes to set the stage for a greater message. Another time when anecdotes are often used is during a seminar. For example, a seminar covering race car vehicle suspension may begin with a story about how the driver or engineer became aware of a strange problem with a car. Although the subject of the seminar may be highly technical, the introduction story - or anecdote - may be simple or even humorous. School teachers and college professors will often use anecdotes as a way of easing students into a complex issue. It could be argued that using anecdotes this way is a roundabout way of introducing a subject, but people use examples in everyday speech to make a subject more easy to understand and to clarify the more complex part of a narrative to follow.

Professional skill Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Professional skill - Case Study Example In this case, the data was "personal" because the data subjects could be identified from the data. There were no emergencies to process the data, the data was processed for a new application and the data subjects were identifiable from the parameters. Assuming that the company had finished serving the purpose of obtaining the data, it needed further consent from the subjects to reuse it or it should have deleted the data as per law. (2) The Sports Goods Chain did not protect the data from being easily accessed and the company is responsible. The Seventh principle of the Act was breached with the onus of responsibility on the company. Data must be kept private and secure. This means that the data must be protected by sufficient technical and organisational means and restricted to authorised persons by means of passwords or other secure means. The responsibility of the breach lies on the sports goods chain. The breaches can be attributed to the fact that the Sports goods chain did not put sufficient technical and organisational mechanisms in place to ensure that it adequately protected its data. The company's implementation of privacy and published data protection policies were not executed properly. There was an absence of system level authentication and authorization to protect the data and make specific portions available to only those who require it. It was because of this that the contractor was able to gain unauthorised access to the data. The contractor must have been bound rigidly by the terms of the non-disclosure agreement and terms of use, which clearly define his rights, and his curtail the retention of the data for future use by him, even if he was able to access it. (3) There was unauthorized access to information by the contractor facilitated by inadequate protection by the company. The Data Protection Act of 1998, Chapter 9, Part VI section 55, (1) (a), (3) was breached. From the contractor's perspective, he accessed data and obtained data, which he should not have, in spite of the fact he was able to access it. He also retained the data for future reference. This may cause further distress to the data subjects if the data is used for other purposes that it was originally meant to be utilised. (4) There was disclosure of information of personal data for which the contractor was wholly responsible. The Data Protection Act of 1998, Chapter 9, Part VI section 55, (1) (b), (3) was breached. He discussed the wrongly acquired personal data that identified its data subjects, with his pals at the pub and that was absolutely a disclosure of information. Hence, the contractor is liable of an offence. Email Etiquette Following the right email, etiquette will ensure that there is no miscommunication or misunderstanding. It will make the usage of email more efficient, productive and professional. The fundamental rules of email are very basic and simple in personal and official communications. In organisations, the boundaries of usage are generally well documented. 1. E-mails are to be checked regularly and promptly responded. Messages need to be clear, concise, and focused and readable. Clear identity to recipient and a crisp subject line allow a hint of the content. ( http://www.iwillfollow.com/email.htm) 2. Simple fonts, sufficient formatting, adequate

In what ways did 20th century conflicts, however broadly defined, Essay - 1

In what ways did 20th century conflicts, however broadly defined, change the nature of Western introspection - Essay Example Many writers, philosophers and thinkers in general were disillusioned and this was reflected in their art and writings. In this paper, I would be discussing how conflicts in the 20th century affected Western introspection with the main idea being conflicts made people focused more on the darker side of the human soul particularly in the inherent desire for violence. As a result of this investigation, there was a profound desire to expose it and make people realize that these events occurred but should never be repeated. An increasing sense of national awareness and nationalism led to many events that eventually culminated into two world wars having the intensity and scale never seen before and claimed millions of lives. The Germans, proud of their race and superior technology and eager to replace the United Kingdom as the dominant global power, precipitated the two world wars. France, Britain, United States, Italy, Russia and other nations were to become involved in the wars that would eventually change the notion of violence and inhumanity. (p. 61) The intensity of the fighting and the efficiency of armaments exposed many people to scenarios replete with violence and inhuman tendencies. ... Auschwitz and many other concentration camps provided many macabre scenes of death. Jews and other non-Aryan races were made to undergo experiments, forced to do labor and eventually exterminated by different methods in the hope of determining which is the most efficient (p. 63). The darker side of humanity made its presence fully known. Nevertheless, the prisoners of concentrations were not the only one severely traumatized. Soldiers and civilians alike saw their comrades and loved ones lose their life and limbs by efficient bombs, bullets and knives all directed to them by living and breathing humans also. Randall Jarrell painted a picture of how dehumanizing the war was with the death of a gunner by flak and the washing of his remains out of the turret like nothing happened (p. 62). Through the writings of survivors, we come to know of a world where violence prevailed and where humans plunged themselves into the darkness of their soul. What the world wars were able to do was to destroy any preconceived and romanticized notion of prosperity, justice, humanity and equality. Nevertheless, it became a catalyst for individuals like Jean Paul Sartre (p. 71-73) and Erich Maria Remarque (53) to take a more proactive role in exposing the evil capacities of human beings and to make them remember the atrocities of war. The crucial experience of war and captivity enabled Sartre, Remarque and other writers of this period to build a positive moral system and express it thru literature. The stage in human history where the two wars occurred changed Western thoughts about armed conflicts and made them appreciate on diplomacy. Many nations became more conscious of the need for peace and strived to achieve some semblance of it. More importantly, it made thinkers ponder

The Lottery by Shirley Jackson Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Lottery by Shirley Jackson - Essay Example The story reveals the misguided beliefs of the villagers and their specific customs. The day, in which the lottery was conducted, Mr. Summers, an old man in the village, gives guidance for the villagers. He arrives in the village square carrying a black wooden box with slips of paper in it and Mr. Graves, a young man in the town, follows Mr. Summer, carrying a three- legged stool. People keep a distance from the box and the reader can see that the villagers show their willingness as well as their hesitations towards the rituals. Amelia Tibbet observes that â€Å"Basically, the story revolves around the misguided belief that if the villagers sacrifice one of their own to what readers are led to believe is a Rain God, then they will have good crops the next year† (Tibbett). The villagers believe that if they fail to follow the tradition of the lottery, they will face some tough consequences like starvation, poverty and drought. Before the lottery is conducted, various lists had to be made, such as the heads of households, heads of eminent families, and the members of each family. The old man keeps and classifies all the details and begins the lottery. From the words of the old citizens in the town, the reader can see that there had been a ritual solute which the officials of the lottery used to practice. They had addressed each and every person who come up and draw from the box. Examining the procedures, the reader can see â€Å"there had been a recital of some sort, performed by the official of the lottery, a perfunctory, tuneless chant that had been rattled off duly each year† (Jackson). After the drawing, the winner is stoned to death by the villagers, and their activity exposes their superstition and brutality. Here, the modern reader may feel the situation as absolutely ironic because they have positive expectations

Evaluating the Historical Capital Budgeting Method Essay Example for Free

Evaluating the Historical Capital Budgeting Method Essay Currently AES employs Project Finance Framework. Project finance tends to be used in projects with tangible assets with predictable cash flows in which construction and operating targets can be easily established through explicit contract. The key to AES projects financing lies with the precise forecasting of cash flows. In effect, the possibility of estimating cash flows with an acceptable level of uncertainty allows for allocation of risks among various interested parties. The ensuing certainty in cash flows allows for high level of leverage and enables project assets to be separated from the parent company. Let us now take a closer look at the pros and cons of the Capital Budgeting System currently in place. Principal Advantages Non-Recourse The separation of the parent company is structured through the creation of a Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV). This SPV is the formal borrower under all loan documents so that in event of default or bankruptcy AES is not directly responsible before financial creditors. Instead, their legal claims are against the SPV assets. Maximize Leverage Currently AES seeks to finance the cost of development and construction of the project on highly leveraged basis. High leveraged in non-recourse project financing permits AES to put less in capital to put at risk permits AES to finance the project without diluting its equity investment in the project. Off-Balance Sheet Treatment AES may not be required to report any of the project debt on its balance sheet because such debt is non-recourse. Off balance sheet treatment can have the added practical benefit of helping the AES comply with covenants and restriction relating to borrowing funds contained in loan agreements to which AES is also a party. Agency Cost The agency costs of free cash flow are reduced. Management incentives are to project performance. Most importantly close monitoring by investors is facilitated. Multilateral Financial Institutions One of the four constituents that have contractual arrangement with the SPV in a typical project are the banks (an integral part group of financiers that include share holders, insurers, equipment manufacturers, export credit agencies and funds). Among these banks there are multilateral financial institutions (like IFC, CAF and etc). Presence of these institutions as financiers helps in raising capital from these institutes at lower cost and secondly it is also read as a positive sign by commercial banks. Drawbacks Projects V/S Division The company is not only expanding its geographical boundaries, but it is also diversifying its business through backward and forward integration. The current financial model does not provide the AES with the big picture, which now constitutes more number of variables that are being influenced by multiple factors due to the increase in depth and breadth of the organization. Complexity Financing of projects requires involvement of a number of parties. They can be quite complex and can be expensive to arrange. Secondly it demands greater amount of management time. Macroeconomic Risk The current methodology employed by AES for capital budgeting does not take into account the exchange rate risk. This risk will be of higher magnitude in the developing countries because of their unstable monetary and fiscal policies[2]. As we have seen that fluctuation in exchange rate has greatly hurt the AES business and they were unable to mitigate this risk as they haven’t anticipated it. This risk becomes important when the exchange rate fluctuation affects balance sheet items unequally. Thus keeping check on the foreign exchange rate requires timely adjustment of both the items of revenue and expenditure, and those of assets and liabilities in different currencies. Political Risk: This is another important factor which the current financial management system does not take into account. This will be of significant importance when it comes to investing in developing countries where frequent changes in government policies occur. Does this system make sense? The financial strategy employed by AES was historically based on project finance. This approach solely took into account those factors that minimized AES exposure to the project and achieved the most beneficial regulatory treatment thus ensuring availability of financial resources to complete the project. The model worked well for the domestic market as well as for the international operations, provided the opportunities undertook by AES were either in the sector of building and running a power plant or simply buying an existing facility and upgrading it and then operating. The underlying assumption over here was that the symmetrical and asymmetrical risks faced by the project were more or less same irrespective of its geographical location (Refer to Exhibit 3). However when AES started diversifying the breadth of its operations by incorporating other offshoots of energy related business and transforming from a cogeneration to a more utility organization with majority of expansion occurring in developing economies. This diversification of business increased the symmetrical risks like business risk, a classic example of which we see in Brazil where AES experience shortfall in demand /sales volume due to Energy Conservation Policy of Brazilian government and this had a chain effect on debt servicing capacity of the SPV as well the stock price of the parent company. Other factor that current model was not able to include was the risk of devaluation of currency in developing economies which resulted in significant losses due to the inability of the company to survive its international debt obligations. Expansion in developing economies also exposed the business to political risk where the policies change erratically with changes in government. Hence we see that the geographical diversification of business causes asymmetrical risk to increase causing bimodal behavior in the result. Project financing becomes less recommendable as a symmetrical risk becomes more manifest. This constitutes a problem for emerging countries where these risks tends to be at the forefront. Lal Pir Project Valuation Scenario 1: Pakistan In order to calculate the value of project for the Lal Pir project in Pakistan, we first need to calculate the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) using the new proposed methodology. For this we have followed the approach given in exhibit 8 of the case. The first step is to calculate the value of levered ? using the formula and information given in the case[3]. The value of the levered ? comes out to be 0. 3852 or 38. 52%, which essentially means that our project is not very highly correlated to the market return. Using this value of ? we now calculate the cost of Equity (refer Exhibit 4A). We have used the return on U. S. Treasury Bond (i. e. 4. 5%) as the risk free return in calculating the cost of equity. The cost of equity comes out to be 0. 072 and similarly, using the risk free return and the default spread (given in exhibit 7a of case) we calculate the cost of debt which comes out to be 0. 0807. It is important to note that the cost of debt and the cost of equity also need to be adjusted for the sovereign spread (0. 0990 for Pakistan). Once we have the adjusted costs of equity and capital we can now calculate the WACC for the project using the formula given in case where we essentially multiply equity and debt ratio with the adjusted costs of equity and debt respectively[4]. The WACC in this scenario comes out to be 0. 1595 or 15. 95%. However, now we need to adjust this WACC for the risks associated with doing the project in Pakistan and we do this by using Table A given in the case. We know that the total Risk Score for Pakistan is 1. 425 and since there is a linear relationship between business specific risk scores and cost of capital[5] we need to adjust our WACC by 7. 125% thus making our final WACC 23. 075%, using which we calculate our NPV (refer to Exhibit 6) from the year 2004 to 2023, and it comes out to be negative $234. 34 million. Scenario 2: USA For USA similar calculations are made to calculate the WACC (Exhibit 4B). However there are two things that are different. First we see the sovereign spread is equal to zero. Secondly, in this case we would need to calculate the business risk using the information given in exhibit 7a of the case (refer to Exhibit 5). This score comes out to be 0. 64 and using this score, our business risk comes out to be 3. 23% and adding it to our calculated value of WACC, we get our final WACC of 9. 64%. Using this we calculate our NPV for USA which comes out to be negative $ 35. 92 million (refer to Exhibit 7). Adjusted Cost of Capital and Probabilities of Real Events in Pakistan In calculating the adjusted cost of capital for Pakistan the WACC is adjusted for six common types of risks: Operational, Counterparty, Regulatory, Construction, Commodity, Currency and Legal. We can clearly see from table A given in the case that besides construction there is a probability of all these risks actually effecting the project in Pakistan. In these, the highest probability is that of currency risk and the legal risk. The adjusted cost that we have calculated is adjusted by the total risk score for Pakistan. There is a linear relationship between the total risk score and adjustment to the cost of capital, i. e. a score of 1 leads to an adjustment of 500 basis points in the WACC. When we calculate the WACC for Pakistan through traditional formula it comes out to be 15. 95%, however in order to incorporate the risk factor associated with Pakistan we need to adjust it for the Total Risk Score, which in this case is 1. 425. So we simply multiply this by 500 and we find out that we need to adjust our WACC 23. 075%. Since this 23. 075% is adjusted using the total risk score we can safely assume that it incorporates for the probability of the afro-mentioned six types of risks in WACC with respect to Pakistan. Discount Rate Adjustment: USA v/s Pakistan As mentioned earlier the discount rate is adjusted based on the total risk score of the country. This total risk score is compiled from 6 main types of risks, the probability of which varies from country to country. If we simply compare the risk scores for USA and Pakistan[6], we can see that there is a major difference between the risk profiles of both the countries. For instance, while currency, regulatory and legal risks are significantly high in Pakistan, they do not exist in the USA at all. Also we see that operational, counterparty and commodity risks are higher in USA as compared to Pakistan. Similarly when the respective WACCs of the two countries are adjusted for their risk we see that the adjusted WACC for Pakistan (23. 075%) is much higher as opposed to that of USA (9. 64%), which essentially implies that Pakistan is inherently a riskier country to invest in as opposed to the USA and any investments made in this region would have to cross a higher hurdle rate than if they were made in the US region.

Anabolic Steroids for Non-Therapeutic Use Essay -- Sports Athletes Ath

Anabolic Steroids for non-therapeutic use Competition is in our blood. The human drive to compete-and-win—in the Ice Age hunters fighting to drag home the biggest woolly mammoth, the ancient Greek athlete aiming for a greater distance in the discus toss, and the modern weightlifter pushing for the gold medal—has been linked to steroid hormones, namely testosterone and its derivatives, circulating within us. In the latter half the last century, many looking for an added edge have turned to synthetic testosterone-like anabolic-androgenic steroids to build muscle and enhance competitive drive. The ingestion of substances for better performance is not new. Ancient Greek athletes took in lots of protein to build muscle. Norse warriors known as Beserkers looked to hallucinogenic mushrooms for inspiration in preparation for battle. The earliest documented modern "doping" with xenobiotics for enhanced performance is among swimmers in Amsterdam in the 1860s. In the decades that followed, doping with nonfoods such as strychnine, caffeine, cocaine, and heroin spread to other sports (24,4). The synthesis of testosterone in the 1930s sparked the introduction of anabolic steroids into competitive sports. In the 1952 Olympics, synthetic testosterone enhanced the Russian weightlifting team’s ability to pump metal, and heave off with a heap of medals. In 1958 the first anabolic steroids were developed by a U.S. pharmaceutical company. Use of anabolic steroids spread through the wide world of sports in the 1960s and 1970s and by the 1980s the drugs were discovered by nonathltetes in search of a better body (24,8). Reports from the 1990s have indicated use of steroids among college, high school, and even middle school students (24). Exa... ...ropionate injections on serum lipoprotein concentrations in rats. Medicine and Science in Sports Exercise. 31 (1999) 664-9. Plalatini, P et al., Cardiovascular effects of anabolic steroids in weight-trained subjects. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 36 (1996) 1132-40. Mewis, C et al., Manifestation of severe coronary heart disease after anabolic drug abuse. Clinical Cardiol. 19 (1996) 153-55. Ferrandez, MD et al., Anabolic steroids and lymphocyte function in sedentary and exercise-trained rats. J. Steroid Biochem. Molec. Biol. 59 (1996) 225-32. Boada, LD et al., Evaluation of acute and chronic hepatoxic effects exerted by anabolic-androgenic steroid stanozolol in adult male rats. Archives of Toxicology 73 (1999) 465-72. NIDA Report, Anabolic Steroids: A threat to mind and body. DHHS Publication No. (ADM) 91-1810. Norman, A, Hormones, 2 Ed. Academic Press, 1997.

Alfred Russel Wallace Essay

There are numerous advances caused by the development of science and technology in human life. Such discoveries and inventions led to the advancement of human civilization. Many definitive statements were given about science and most of these statements focus on the conventional approach in scientific endeavors. Little or no definitions were formulated exercising other non-conventional approach in doing researches in the field of science. Aside form the fact that there are other factors involved in recognizing one’s work and classifying it as a work of scientific methodology, human interventions on these processes are still influential in determining a specific work and accept it as a valid scientific research. As a result, proper recognition of a person’s work greatly depends on these limited criteria which are based on a narrow A person named Wallace ventured into the works of discovering things that he thought then as part of the laws of nature. He worked on the same area with Sir Charles Darwin with his evolution theory and findings. During that time, Wallace findings were not classified as a work of science due to a lot of reasons and as a result, he was not recognized then as a scientist but an outsider. Science then was defined in a narrowed approach wherein it encompasses only limited principles and classifications. A specific study can only be classified as a work of science when it is associated with human intervention brought about by the search for facts. All supernatural phenomenons were ruled out of contention and only those studies that involve findings from thorough experimentation are considered. Studies should follow the causality rule and must follow the laws of physics. Wallace study did not fall into this classification, thus, making his research disqualified. There are researches in the historical accounts that lead to statements that Wallace’s work did not suffice to the lists of scientific works. The authority responsible during that time in recognizing a work is the British Association. This body was founded by persons who hold good positions in the society. These people dictate the decision of the organization about the funding and citations of a given work. These people saw Wallace works as unacceptable and radically made, making it excluded from further recognition of the body. Religion also has a big factor in making up restrictions in the researches being made by people which provides a definite line between topics that are allowed to be studied and those that are not. Their decisions were greatly influenced by the social, political, and cultural aspects which was very evident on the group’s dealings with Wallace and his research. Accounts tell about the decision of the British Association tagging Wallace’s work to be excluded for reasons including the fact that his findings only repeats that of Darwin’s theories about evolution. Another factor that made Wallace unfit to be called as a scientist is because he has no formal schooling, a clear standard emphasized by the body who classifies researches and studies to be scientific or not. Wallace belongs to the labor sector compared to those individuals who were classified to belong in the upper class. For some people, these criteria are unfair and uncalled for since this focuses on the personal circumstances of a person and not on his works or contributions. However, the decision made can also be traced with other factors other than what was classified to be more of a personal attack on a person’s life. Wallace developed his interests in the evolution topics during his stint as a land surveyor in England. He combined several disciplines in his works and findings in his field of interests which is on the evolution theory. During that time, evolution was unacceptable and firmly rejected by the church ministers and their teachings. As an advocate of evolution principle, Wallace continued with his study and made declarations that were found out to be eccentric. He included in his paper the principles that humans and orangutans have direct relationship with each other. He accepted this principle of believing people really came from the ape ancestors. These findings were made years before other papers were written establishing the same principle as he has made. His work and that of Darwin has a strong correlation but what made its distinction is that Darwin’s result was very conservative and was carefully illustrated in a well mannered style. He still declared the superiority of white men over the people who lived before, different from Wallace’s declaration on the same concept of study. His findings did not found enough support from the British land where conservatism and religion matters a lot. He did not receive due acknowledgments for his work but Darwin did have the recognition for the same work he has. However, this scenario did not bother him and he continued his openness in his works and findings. Such situation that happened to Wallace should open up the minds of other people who sees things only as they want to see. There should be no distinctions between individuals who have submitted their studies and researches that belong to various states in life. The concerned body responsible for the recognition of such works should be aware that having a formal education should not be a major factor in considering a person to be a great scientist or not. What should matter is the validity of the results obtained by the study and the totality of the work submitted by any individual hoping for due recognition. Each should keep in mind that what matters are the character and dedication in the work like that of Wallace’s. Even he was not recognized then, it cannot be denied that Wallace still has a vital contribution in our present society and he can be considered to be one of the giants that made us see things that we have and developed for our society as a whole. Works Cited Alfred Russel Wallace: A Capsule Biography. Retrieved on January 27, 2009. Retrieved from < www. wku. edu> Quanmen, D. (2008). The Man that wasn’t Darwin. Retrieved on January 26, 2009. Retrieved From

Bbd post

A Winning Process for Launching Your Engineering Career† by Dean C. Millard Course Topics include the Career Planning Process and Task/Project Planning: Understand Yourself Career Development and Choice Theories Interest and/or (Holland) Personality Assessments Understanding your personal values, skills, interests, and traits and their impact on career possibilitiesValues and ethics relating to career choices Your strengths and promoting your strengths (will be used for elevator speech) Explore Options Researching and Exploring Engineering Careers and Employment Options Use of career libraries and other resources for occupational and major choices Databases and other on-line resources Decision making about your career Informational and behavioral interviewing Interacting with Engineering Professional(s)/Faculty at Careers Discussion Take Action Marketing Yourself: â€Å"How can you make yourself stand out? Resume and cover letter design twittering skills Networking Internships Systems Engineering: Understand the systems/team approach to modern engineering design What skills and experiences during your undergraduate career will prepare you best for the reality of today's workforce and its expectations? The role of graduate studies and how to assess the need, and undergraduate course selection implications. Leadership skill development and experiential learning opportunities. Entrepreneurship may be a goal. What strategies should you follow? The importance of excellent communication skills.Team functioning guidelines The course consists of mandatory lectures together with homework and class exercises that will allow you to tailor the material presented in class to make appropriate career choices and enhance your career development. Topics will be presented in a summary fashion during lectures and will be investigated in more detail through outside assignments and subsequent in- class presentations and discussion. Some readings may be at profession websites . The course blackboard website will be the primary method of distributing information, assignments, and class documents.One other note about the rouser website: Please be sure you are registered with your name exactly as you are registered in this course. And only use your official Cornell email as the email address when you sign in and log in each time. Also, send ALL emails only from your official Cornell gamma account, others will not be opened, including if they are a nickname or an alias. Please be sure to keep electronic (backup) copies of ALL the documents you turn in to this course until after you receive your final grade.If anything is lost along the way, you can then easily locate, and resubmit any missing comments for credit. You will also find your assessment results you AC aired in the course may be useful to you later in your career. Please keep these materials for your personal use once you finish our course! Course Grading: On-time class attendance, participation in in-class discussions, and satisfactory, on-time completion of course assignments will determine your final grade in this seminar course. This seminar only helps you make good career plans if you are a serious, motivated, and active participant. Opts. Will be earned for every lecture attended on time and only if attending or the entire class period. 10 Opts. Will be earned for each homework satisfactorily completed, typed, and submitted on time – in class. A 40% penalty will be assessed for all late materials turned in after they are due in class, up to one week late or for turning in an unsatisfactory submission which must be redone. O Opts. Credit will be earned for homework turned in more than one week after the due date – although all assignments still must be completed satisfactorily and turned in to pass the course.Several homework assignments may be given higher weighting particularly he final project and these will be announced in class and on the assignment sh eet posted on Blackboard. In addition, some assignments will be group- oriented. Absences from lecture will only be excused for official university reasons and for communicable diseases such as the flu when you should remain at home and take care of yourself. The official university reasons are illness and absence from campus on official university business, the later must be documented in writing.Proof of any missing work must be submitted prior to the final exam date, ND be of acceptable quality. Remember, any assignment turned in more than 1 week late will receive zero credit towards your grade, but the assignment must still be submitted in satisfactory form to complete the course. Final Letter Grading will be based on the percentage score out of the total possible as follows: AAA – 100 % – 89. 9 % ICC – 79. 9% D 60-69. 9% Below 60 % OR if missing or unsatisfactorily completed any required assignments #1. Tuesday, January 27th In class: Introduction/overview of course and course materials (â€Å"Ready for Takeoff')

Movie and Drama. A Few Good Men

Movie and Drama. A Few Good Men The presentations of A Few Good Men play version contrasts considerably with the movie version. The dissimilarities are exposed by the way the characters have been molded. Also the camera and sound effects plays a considerable role in separating the two versions.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Movie and Drama. A Few Good Men specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It ought to be noted that in movie version the characters are more vibrant and realistic than is in the play version. Another notable thing is that the use of diverse camera angles such as close shots, close ups and extreme shots makes the movie version more captivating. Although the play version is more engaging than the movie, it lacks the glamour and flamboyance brought by the lighting and effects. Therefore, the movie is crisply captivating and solidly moving. This can be supported by the fact that though the play version is etched on humor the movie is tied to professionalism. Thus, such dynamics as low and high camera angles are exploited to give the characters diverse features. For instance, the manner the soldiers are depicted in the two versions exposes another considerable dissimilarity. The play version depicts soldiers who look weak and unmotivated. However, the movie version adds glamour and elegance as it depicts the soldiers being glamorous and thrilling. Also, the setting and the backdrop background lighting is quiet contrasting. With the panning and zooming of camera to introduce new scenes the dissolving effects ushering in new scene paves a paramount view that is lacking in the play version. Despite the consistency of play version it precedes the movie in that it is presented in its original form without any cuts and insertions. Therefore, it can be argued that the movie presentation is more dynamic. Consider the fact that the introduction of technology in the movie set the pace for thrilling incidents. That is why the ca lculated use of light and sound effects, compositing and fine editing makes the movie to be magnificent. However, the play version is sustained by its humorous angle with its well developed suspense. Comparing the two versions it is apparent that the play version is anchored on the aspects of conventional theatre. While on the other hand the movie is tied to dynamics of technology.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Though, the theme and the plot revolve within the same axis, the movie generates more dramatic fireworks than the play. These differences are all linked to the fact that in the movie precision and suspense are more concentrated. More so, the play though dramatic in nature does not provide the audience with the variety of cinematic changes. This includes dialogue, climax and background variances. The only apparent similarities in both instances rest on the story but the dialogue is in one way or the other a little different due to the short anecdotes of humor in the movie version. In conclusion both versions have been developed differently. Though, the movie version is an adaptation of the play it is evident that the movie version is more interesting. These profound changes can be correlated to the fact that technological changes have played a role in shaping the movie. Though, the play is also incorporates diverse technological aspects but it lacks that profound consistency. Therefore, the elegancy of lightings, camera angles, compositing, effects as well as the background sets the two versions aside. More so, the characters depiction and engagement provides a rich ground for these variances. While the play is engrained in employing multitude the movie went of a lean cast.